The story of “Like Water for Chocolate”

The story of â€Å"Like Water for Chocolate† is about the relationship of the mother, Mama Elena, to his three daughters namely Rosaura, Getrudis and Tita. The setting was in Mexico where the life there before had been portrayed. It goes with the love story of the protagonist â€Å"Tita† and her love interest Pedro Muzquiz. Since the mother of the three girls is already a widow, she refuses to accept that her youngest daughter had already fallen in love with someone. Instead, she imposed to the people in that set up that Tita, being the youngest of her daughters must be with her until her soul leaves her. Quoting from the book, Mama Elena told Nacha that â€Å"Nacha! Don't say that. As my youngest daughter, Tita will care for me until the day I die. She won't marry.† This is one of the sayings in the book from the site mentioned below. Adding to the pain the imposing of her mother, Pedro married one of her sisters, and that is Rosaura. She was badly hurt emotionally with the situation but still can’t find anyway to get free of it. Since Tita is suppressed with what she feels, she just managed to improve her recipes, giving them her best effort and affection. On the later part of the story, she made her talent her way of capturing and cornering Pedro. Fortunately in the end, they still managed to express their love for one another like what Getrudis, (her older sister) have done with the revolutionary army she fell in love with. Being affected by the bad things that happened to Tita, Getrudis also found a way to escape their very imposing mother. Mother and daughters are expected to have good relationships at home since they are of the same gender. The changes that a daughter would undergo must be first known by her mother in order for her to be guided or so, like if the daughter will have to recite on her class the next morning, it is the duty of the mother to guide her with the things that will improve the speech or knowledge of her daughter. The relationship between the mother and the daughter I think will serve as a foundation of the girl’s interaction with other people with her entire life. Mothers are always thought to become the light of the home. They are regarded to be in charged of the household chores like for dish washing, cooking, doing the laundry and cleaning the house. As it was established by the society, the mother also gives her daughter the ideas of the things she may become after her childhood. It is with the mother that the daughter will learn the basic ways of life, the social roles of women and other stuffs. Girls that have time with their mothers might have experiences that have molded them the way they are in their past, present and future. And for those who are born without their moms with their side might also have the factors why they became what they are since they do not have someone who is expected to primarily guide them. Is the relationship of the mother and daughter really connected with the issue of power and gender? In this assignment, we are to examine the relationship of Getrudis and her mother in order to answer the question above. Getrudis as we remember is the middle child of Mama Elena who was not so mentioned in the story since it all went for Tita and Rosaura who is the wife of Pedro. Getrudis, being the silent one with the happenings in Tita’s life, is also suppressed of her freedom. When she found someone who will awaken her sexuality, she eloped with him and then after came back since the war is going to start again. We can say that there are a few interactions with the mother and the daughter here since the mother already imposed her power over her daughters, I think she has given them the factor that she must be respected or so, and that is dictating them that mothers have power more than what they have. In the set-up of the family, everybody searches for power, however, it was the social structure of the family and the place where they are situated that influenced their aspired power. Since it was during the Mexican Revolution, which is a way bit far from our present situations, certain family traditions are still existent. And with their family, their mother forbade their search for power and it was with that act they forcefully found it by also expressing their sexualities. In the situation of Getrudis where she was with the man of her dreams, it was with escaping with Sargento Trevià ±o that her gender came into action. Girls that expressed their love with their sweet and enticing scents are like Getrudis who found a way of being her real self, a woman who was implanted with the desires that only a man can suffice. Taking in consideration the situation of Getrudis and Mama Elena, I can say that a daughter’s relationship with her mother affects the way she faces her life. Since power and gender are parts of being a human, it is expressed by the way the daughters are molded by their contact with their moms. Both the positive and negative parts of the relationship between a mom and a daughter give rise to the searching of identity of someone. Therefore, in evaluating a person’s power or gender, it is right to look first at his/her background where he/she might have gotten his/her personalities. Works Cited Amy Coffin. Like Water for Chocolate. 9 December 2007.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Judi Clark. Like Water for Chocolate (books review). 1999. 9 December 2007.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Like Water for Chocolate.2006. 11 December 2007.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Internet Movie Database. Memorable quotes for Como agua para chocolate. 2007. 12  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   December 2007. < http://imdb.com/title/tt0103994/quotes> Laura Esquivel. Quotes from Like Water for Chocolate : A Novel in Monthly  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Installments with Recipes, Romances, and Home Remedies. 2007. 12  Ã‚   December 2007.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        

OFDM Simulation In Matlab Computer Science Essay

Abstract-This undertaking involves the simulation and survey of a simple Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ( OFDM ) system as an application of Digital Signal Processing. The country of focal point is the signal processing block of the system which uses Fast Fourier Transform ( FFT ) engines to accomplish perpendicularity of channels and thereby better the transmittal channel use. The system is simulated utilizing MATLAB and it involves transmittal of a digitized sound file through an linear white Gaussian noise ( AWGN ) channel utilizing OFDM technique and so retrieving the file at the receiving system. By correlating the original and the recovered file the effectivity of this technique is tested. The whole system realisation consists of multiple stairss – beginning processing, channel, receiving system processing, analysis. Keywords-OFDM ; AWGN ; FFT ; IFFT ; BPSK ; Orthogonality ; CrosscorrelationI. IntroductionOrthogonal frequence division multiplexing ( OFDM ) is a frequence division multiplexing strategy in which the frequence separation between next bearer channels is minimized by the usage of the construct of perpendicularity. It is one of the multiple entree techniques widely used in radio and powerline communications. OFDM can supply big informations rates with sufficient hardiness against transmittal channel damages. The OFDM strategy allows several extraneous, narrow band sub-channels or subcarriers to overlap in frequence sphere and to be transmitted in parallel thereby spliting the available transmittal bandwidth expeditiously. The input informations is divided into several parallel informations watercourses or channels, one for each subcarrier. Each sub-carrier is modulated with a conventional digital transition strategy ( such as M-ary stage displacement identifying or Quadrature amplitude transition ) at a low symbol rate so as to keep the entire information rate similar to conventional single-carrier transition strategies utilizing the same bandwidth. The perpendicularity is achieved utilizing the fast Fourier transform ( FFT ) algorithm on the receiver side, and reverse FFT on the sender side as it allows for efficient modulator and detector execution. A general OFDM system diagram is shown in Fig. 1. At the sender, the modulated information signal ten [ n ] is foremost transformed to frequence sphere through IFFT. Then the signal is transmitted to the finish in the radio channel. At the receiving system, FFT is foremost applied to the standard signal, so the transmitted information symbol is estimated with some decrypting algorithm. The processing at each block with the assistance of MATLAB is described briefly as follows:A.Source ProcessingAt the beginning, the sound file is first read utilizing MATLAB as a vector music and converted into a binary information watercourse. Binary stage displacement keying ( BPSK ) is used as the transition strategy. In BPSK, each binary informations 1 is mapped to an information symbol of 1, while 0 is mapped to a?’1. With BPSK transition, we can obtain the information vector. Then a 512-point IFFT is performed on that vector to bring forth the vector Texas for transmittal. Zero-padding is used if the information is non a multiple of 512.B. ChannelThe channel is simple AWGN, which means that there is no channel attenuation and the noise is Gaussian distributed with zero mean and discrepancy I?2. For a random noise, the standard signal is transmitted signal ( Texas ) +noise.C. Receiver ProcessingAt the receiving system, FFT is performed on the received informations obtain the noisy informations for decrypting. Simple bit-wise maximal likeliness ( ML ) decryption is adopted. Therefore, for each received noisy information spot, if the value is larger than 0, it is decoded as 1, otherwise, 0.D. System AnalysisThe received informations will the compared with the transmitted informations utilizing crosscorrelation to analyze the difference. The execution will be repeated for different values of noise discrepancies. In the subdivisions that follow we discuss in a bit-by-bit manner how we can implement such a system by sing all the indispensable resources. In subdivision II, the development of the full system is described along with relevant theoretical background. Section III shows how the system can be simulated utilizing MATLAB tools. Section IV contains the consequences of simulation and analysis of the system. Section V concludes the paper by supplying an abstract of the work done.II. system theoretical accountThe system is simulated utilizing MATLAB. The flow diagram of the system operations is shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 OFDM system theoretical account [ 8 ]A. TransmitterThe sender subdivision includes reading the sound file, change overing it into a binary watercourse, usage BPSK to modulate this watercourse and so execute N-point IFFT on the modulated informations to change over the information watercourse into N extraneous OFDM channels. In BPSK, each binary informations 1 is mapped to an information symbol of 1, while 0 is mapped to a?’1. Thus we get a consecutive watercourse of BPSK modulated informations. The watercourse is divided into N analogue informations which forms the footing of an OFDM symbol.1. FFT-IFFT Algoritms and OrthogonalityAn OFDM system treats the input BPSK modulated symbols at the sender as though they are in the frequency-domain. These symbols are converted into parallel and are used as the inputs to an IFFT block that converts the signal into the clip sphere. The IFFT takes in N symbols at a clip where N is the figure of subcarriers/channels in the system. By definition of Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform ( DFT ) : x_n = frac { 1 } { N } sum_ { k=0 } ^ { N-1 } X_k e^ { frac { 2pi I } { N } K n } quad quad n = 0, dots, N-1. The signals eiˆ?i? °ikn/N are extraneous over ( 0, N ) where Xk is the input symbol. DFT is the Fourier Transform of distinct clip signal taken at distinct blink of an eyes 2i? °k/N. FFT/IFFT is a computationally efficient version of DFT/IDFT. For case, for N point DFT the computational complexness is N2 whereas for radix-2 FFT the 1 clip calculation is broken down into log2N degrees and each degree need N calculations hence the complexness is reduced to Nlog2N degrees. Therefore cut downing the calculation clip in instance of FFT. Therefore from above definition the base maps IFFT are N extraneous sinusoids, in other words IFFT is expressed as the leaden amount of extraneous sinusoids. These sinusoids have a different frequence extraneous to each other in frequence sphere. Each input symbol Acts of the Apostless like a complex/real weight for the corresponding sinusoidal term. Input symbols will be complex if M-ary PSK is used where M & gt ; 2. In such instance the value of the symbol determines both the amplitude and stage of the sinusoid for that subcarrier. However, since BPSK is used the weights are existent. The IFFT end product is the summing up of the N weighted sinusoids. Therefore, IFFT provides a simple manner to modulate informations onto N extraneous closely separated subcarriers. The block of N end product samples from the IFFT make up a individual OFDM symbol. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wirelesscommunication.nl/reference/chaptr05/ofdm/images/fig4.gif ( a ) ( B ) Fig 3: OFDM spectrum ( a ) Single channel ( B ) 5 subcarriers [ 6 ] The signals e2i? °kn/N are extraneous over ( 0, N ) as sum_ { n=0 } ^ { N-1 } left ( e^ { frac { 2pi I } { N } kn } ight ) left ( e^ { -frac { 2pi I } { N } k'n } ight ) =N~delta_ { kk ‘ } This perpendicularity due to FFT among next channels implies closely spaced bearers. They can be spaced in such a manner such that the nothing ( zero amplitude response ) of one channel will happen at the extremum of the next bearer as shown in Fig. 3. Therefore merely half of the available transmittal bandwidth will be utilised comparison to standard FDM, bettering the channel use by 50 per centum. The distinct time-domain signal that consequences from the IFFT is transmitted across the channel. Actual transmittals involve transition of IFFT bins into baseband parallel bearers before transmittal over the channel. But for simpleness of analysis we transmit the digital baseband signal itself as N subcarriers in a multipath free environment. Orthogonality of the subcarriers due to IFFT allows the frequence spacing between each next subcarrier to be minimal.B. ChannelThe channel is assumed to be simple AWGN, which means that there is no channel attenuation and the noise is Gaussian dist ributed with zero mean and discrepancy I? . The familial consecutive watercourse of IFFT bins is added to the random AWGN noise generated utilizing MATLAB to enforce the effects of channel.C. ReceiverAt the receiving system, an N point FFT block is used to treat the standard signal and convey it back into the frequence sphere. By definition of Discrete Fourier Transform ( DFT ) : Due to grounds mentioned antecedently FFT is the used in topographic point of DFT. The N point FFT end product will be the original symbols that were sent to the IFFT block at the sender. The end product of the FFT block is capable to maximum likelihood sensing to pull out the binary information from the noise infested symbols. After recovery of binary informations, it is converted to its parallel tantamount thereby retracing the original sound file.III. matlab simulationA. Transmitter1.Input audio file processingThe samples of the sound file that has to be transmitted is read into a vector Y utilizing the wavread bid. The wavread bid besides outputs two statements viz. the sampling frequence and spots per sample which are stored in variables degree Fahrenheits and spots severally. The scope and amplitude of the samples obtained are really little and hence they are increased by factor of 2 ( bits-1 ) and shifted by 2 ( bits-1 ) to acquire positive samples and thereby execute quantisa tion and change over it into 16-bit binary informations utilizing the dec2bin bid. 2. BPSK transition The binary informations stored in a array is BPSK modulated utilizing the simple algorithm of mapping each binary informations 1 to an information symbol of 1, and 0 to a?’1 utilizing a for cringle. Figure 3 shows the configuration for BPSK ( 1bit/symbol ) . Figure 4: BPSK configuration3. IFFTThe BPSK modulated informations which is stored in a martix is converted into a row vector utilizing reshape bid in order to execute 512 point IFFT which is in consequence change overing the consecutive watercourse into 512 point parallel watercourse. IFFT is performed utilizing the bid ifft. The consequence of IFFT of the modulated information is an 512 point OFDM symbol. Since IFFT in MATLAB is calculated utilizing the definition of IDFT we need to multiply the IFFT vector by sqrt ( N ) to raise the mean power degree in order to keep sufficient signal to resound power ratio in the channel. After IFFT the parallel information is converted to consecutive and stored in vector txdataN.B. ChannelChannel is simulated by adding noise by bring forthing random white noise ( Gaussian distributed with average 0 and discrepancy as we specify ) utilizing the bid randn. The white noise generated utilizing randn is added it to txdataN. Thus, ch=txdataN+noise whe re noise= I?*randn ( 1, length ( txdataN ) ) .C. Receiver1.FFTThe standard OFDM signal vector ch is coverted into parallel and 512 point FFT is performed utilizing the bid fft to retrieve the noisy BPSK modulated informations. The scatterplot of the noise infested received informations is shown in Fig. 5 Fig. 5: Received Configuration with noise2.Maximum Likelihood ( ML ) DetectionIf the end product of FFT is observed to be complex, merely the existent portion is taken to observe the information symbols. Simple bit-wise maximal likeliness ( ML ) decryption is used to retrieve the original binary informations. Thus, for each received noisy information spot, if the value is larger than 0, it is decoded as 1, otherwise, 0.3. Reconstruction of audio file from recovered informationsThe cured digital information is converted into tantamount parallel samples utilizing bin2dec bid where each sample corresponds to 16 spots. The samples are so stored as a wav file recovered_music at a sampling frequence degree Fahrenheit utilizing the bid wavwrite.4. CorrelationThe cured sound file is played utilizing bid soundsc to observe the difference with the original file. The correlativity coefficient of the received sound vector and the original sound vector is calculated utilizing the bid corrcoef and stored in a matrix corr. As we change the discrepancy of the noise vector, which implies a alteration in the channel SNR, the covariance between the original and the recovered information lessenings and as a consequence we get a noisy sound at the end product.IV. System analysis and Simulation ResultsA. Frequency Analysis1.Frequency Response of input informations watercourse ( BPSK Modulated ) .2.OFDM channel frequence responseB. Input Sequence and matching OFDM symbolC. Correlation between input and end product informations1.Input sound samples. Fs=8kHz2.Recovered sound samples w/ correlativity coefficient=0.9042Discrepancy of AWGN=0.23.Recovered sound samples w/ correlativity coefficient=1Discrepancy of AWGN=0.013.Recovered sound samples w/ correlativity coefficient=0.1758Discrepancy of AWGN=1V. ConclusionOrthogonality in OFDM introduced due to the usage of DSP engines FFT and IFFT have proven to be really effectual in the improving channel spectral use by leting the convergence of next channels to about half of the channels bandwidth. Besides transition and demodulation complexness is reduced due to the usage FFT techniques. As a consequence it is executable to utilize ML decrypting to retrieve binary informations. In this undertaking, a simple MATLAB theoretical account of OFDM was simulated to analyze OFDM utilizing FFT. The power of FFT-IFFT to present orthogoniality in subcarriers was demonstrated. The consequence of AWGN channel utilizing different noise discrepancies was illustrated. The consequences showed that little noise discrepancies, that is, high signal to resound rations had negligible consequence of original informations. which was apparent from the computation of correlativity coefficient of original and cured informations.VI. MentionsE. Lawrey, â€Å" The suitableness of OFDM as a transition technique for wireless telecommunications, with a CDMA comparing, † B. Eng. thesis, James Cook University, Oct. 1997. Anibal Luis Intini, â€Å" OFDM for Wireless Netwoks † , University of California, Santa Barbara, CA. Rep.Dec.2000. G. Acosta, † OFDM simulation utilizing MATLAB † , Georgia Institute of Technology, GA. Rep.Aug. 2000. Alan C. Brrooks and Stephan J. Hoelzer, â€Å" Design and Implementation of OFDM Signalling † , Rep.May.2001. John G.Proakis, Digital Signal Processing, 3rd erectile dysfunction. Mathematical description of OFDM. [ Online ] .Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wirelesscommunication.nl [ Revieved: 12/01/2010 ] ( Fig. 3 ) Matlab Tutorial. [ Online ] . Available: www.mathworks.com/academia/ EEL5525 Class Notes ( Fig. 1, 2 )

Servant Leadership Research and Application Essay

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The Strategic Management of Economy Hotel in China (Proposal) Essay

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The Congress - Assignment Example The accountability and the reliability of the law making organ of the governments largely determine the political situation of a country. Even though the role of the executives and the judiciary are equally important, the law making organs are very crucial. It is vital for the constitution of every country to come up with proper policies that controls the performance of law making organs of the governments.The congress is the United States law making branch of the government. It consists of the house of representatives and the senate. In order to enact a legislation, the consent of both the house of representative and the senate must exist. Even though the two chambers work as a team as far as making of laws is concerned the US constitution grants specific power to each chamber1. For example, the house of representative roles include initiating of bills that are focused at raising the government revenue and cases related to impeachment while the senate is mandated with approving top appointments including presidential position. In addition, the senate makes the necessary decision on the impeachment cases.According to the constitution, congress has the authority to manage and formulate budgetary policies as well as to oversee collection of taxes. Some of the major taxes that the congress collects include excise and imports duties. Congress has also authority to appropriate funds. This power that is granted by the constitution is used as a check on the performance of the executive2. ... In addition, the congress has the power to borrow loans from international financial institutions on behalf of the government. In matters of national defense, the congress has authority to maintain armed forces, make rules applied by the military as well as to declare war. However, there have been critics on this role due to the interference by the executives especially in declaring war. Some of the past presidents have declared war without the consent of the congress. For example, in 1903, when military invaded Panama, Theodore Roosevelt the US president at that time did not seek the consent of the congress. Nevertheless, the congress assent was sought during the world war 1, Spanish-American conflict, World War 2 and Mexican-American War. Congress has the authority to issue copyrights and patents regulations on American based companies. Other important roles of the congress include the establishment of roads and post offices. According to the US constitution, the congress has power s to institute courts of laws that are under the supreme court3. It is also the duty of the congress to ensure that the roles that it makes concerning the foreign powers are effectively carried out and executed. Article four of the US constitution, that deal with the duties of each state and the roles of federal government on the states gives exclusive power to the congress on the admission of states into the united states of America. Even though congress is a legislative making body, it is also entitled to undertake the function of congressional oversight. This entails monitoring, supervision and reviewing of federal activities and policies and implementation of the executive programs. The congress carries out these duties through the congressional committee. Congressional

ArticleAbstract Assignments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

ArticleAbstract Assignments - Essay Example icle, based on its two research questions, concludes that league matches are the products of the professional leagues and that the products are sold to four parties, â€Å"the fans, television and other media,† communities that either support or offer services to league teams and â€Å"corporations† (Mason 410). It makes an important contribution by creating awareness of the roles of different stakeholders in the sports market. By identifying the fans, for example, through their attendance or media charges, as primary buyers of the sports’ product and not the media product, the article motivates them and promotes their commitment to supporting the economic activity at both social and economic levels. It therefore succeeds in promoting the economic aspect of the sports by identifying benefits to all the involved consumers (Mason 403-414). The article can however be criticized for relying on outdated resources. Using resources that are more than two decades old can mislead because of the dynamic nature of sports and markets. The researcher also failed to outline his

Casing an Integral Part in Oil Drilling Assignment

Casing an Integral Part in Oil Drilling - Assignment Example Conductor casing does vary in diameters from 18’’ to 30’’ (Mid Continent, 2014). Freshwater zones are isolated from the well of oil by surface casting. This makes sure that the waters remain uncontaminated in the drilling and completion process. Such environmental issues have compelled some countries to put in place regulations governing cement quality as well as casting depth. A surface casting classic size is 18 5/8 inches. Intermediate casting helps minimize the hazards, which underground formations could pose to the well. It also prevents blowouts by supporting maintenance of hydrostatic pressure at the appropriate levels. Intermediate casing happens to the longest casting section found in a well. Liner strings at times can be used as an alternative to intermediate casting. They are less permanent compared to an intermediate casing and are used often for cost reduction (Mid Continent, 2014). The liner is hung right from the base of the prior casting interval and not from the surface, as a replacement for being cemented in place. Production casting is the final and it happens to be the deepest section of well casing. It does provide a channel for petroleum producing formation to the surface. Its size does depend on several considerations. For instance for a well expecting future deepening, production casing should wide enough for a drill bit to pass through. Well, a casing is done in sections (joints) of around 40 feet long and joined together in order to form long lengths known as casting strings (Rigzone, 2014). Every end of a casting joint does have male threads, which are under the protection of a thread protector, till the casings become ready for joining. A coupling or collar made of a cylindrical pipe that is short but longer slightly in diameter than the joints and has female threads connects the male joint ends (U.S. Department of Labor, 2014).  Ã‚  

Extension 2 English Proposal Essay Example for Free

Extension 2 English Proposal Essay The audience of my major work will be firstly experienced English teachers for marking. The story itself will be aimed however at an audience of teen years and above, preferably interested in modern history. Any readers of a younger age may lack the necessary understanding of the context of my piece, and thus may not be able to understand the decisions and feelings of characters in the piece. The story will aim to incite passionate questions of the actions and experiences of my characters in the mind of the reader, as well as an emotional response based on the life and personal experiences of the reader. For instance, if they have experienced the death of a family member, they may identify with the emotions of my characters. Purpose/Statement of Intent After much deliberation, I propose to compose a prose fiction short story based on the experiences of fictional guard in Dachau concentration camp during WWII. I came across this idea when studying for the text Romulus, My father from the English Advanced course. Part of this text describes the main character Romulus and his lover Christina living in Nazi Germany, and I was reading through articles on the Internet regarding various leaders of the regime. This led me to reading letters between various concentration camp officials and Heinrich Himmler, the then leader of the SS, and high-ranking Nazi general. The writing is so simply put that it somewhat masks the cruel and indifferent intention of the letters. After reading through these letters, I came to ask myself How does a human being come to take these attitudes, and how could a person become seemingly so cruel and twisted, without any apparent conscience? What sort of life has this person lived, and what are their thoughts? Did they ever face struggle in their minds for the decisions they made? From this, I devised a perspective for a piece; the perspective of a male guard in a concentration camp. But not just any ruthless guard. I want to write about a rather troubled guard. A complex character that over the course of the piece actually begins to question the morality of his actions and thoughts. I want the reader to feel both anger towards the actions of this beast, but also at different times sympathy for his predicament. I want the reader to question their understanding of morality, and to put themselves in the shoes of this man. Concept The form will be fictional short story, in prose. However, I plan to include real correspondence between military officials of the camp from the time. I wanted to use this idea to give the story some real meaning, and to remind the audience that people just like my character did exist. Most of the piece will be in third person, but I will include monologues of the characters thought processes. During scenes of increased tension, for example when the man is ordered to shoot a prisoner, I will include in between the dialogue the thoughts of the guard himself. This will hopefully engage the reader in the scene, rather than the reader being a fly on the wall, which would leave a wall between the reader and the characters. I would like to vary the style of language used, from short and punchy for tension and emotion to long and reflective for the monologues. Inspiration I chose to write a story on the holocaust because it is something that I would enjoy researching in detail, absorbing every scrap of information, and also I think it would be challenging to confront on my own terms. Reading the information I have already come across, I cant help but feel so lucky to live in a free country, and in such a privileged life. A life where I am free to do what I choose, including writing this piece. I visited Dachau concentration camp in 2003, and this experience had a great effect on me. The feelings of disgust and general confusion as to how this could happen has probably lead me to be so interested in studying the topic today. I will use this experience to describe the surrounds of the setting, and some of the experiences of the prisoners. The following is an extract of a speech given by Himmler regarding the extermination of the Jews. Reading it today, I find it strange and foreign. To better understand why Himmler would take this approach to the extermination of a whole race, I will have to research the culture and attitudes of his time in-depth. Also, the ideas held by this quote is what I want to base my characters questioning on. I also want to mention a very difficult subject before you here, completely openly. It should be discussed amongst us, and yet, nevertheless, we will never speak about it in public. I am talking about the Jewish evacuation: the extermination of the Jewish people. It is one of those things that is easily said. The Jewish people are being exterminated, every Party member will tell you: Perfectly clear, its part of our plans, were eliminating the Jews, exterminating them, ha! , a small matter. -Heinrich Himmler, 4 October 1943 Links to Advanced Extension The idea for my piece came from researching the text Romulus, my father, in the Advanced course. The piece will specifically tie-in with the concept of belonging in many ways. For example, my main character will be in a position where he is forced to belong to the regime, and to his position and rank. If he chooses to disagree with his superiors, or the regime itself, he will be shot. Also, nature of the holocaust relates directly to belonging, as anyone who belonged to the Jewish religion, was a gypsy or was disabled was persecuted and often killed by the Nazi regime. The regime aimed to wipe-out all those who, in the eyes of the officials, did not fit the requirements of a pure society based on the Aryan legend. However, the piece does not necessarily link to the topic of crime writing in the Extension 1 course in any way. Research I have read many articles and letters on various websites, which have been very detailed and very helpful in giving me a broad account of events and people surrounding the Nazi regime. However, I will need to continue to research further in-depth into the holocaust and in particular the events and nature of the Dachau camp. I also plan to read Anne Franks Diary of a girl, to further understand the experience of life in a concentration camp. This text should provide the experience of a prisoner, with which I can use to contrast the ideals and experience of the guard. Over the holidays I will make a visit to the state library to find historical diaries and personal accounts of experiences in concentration camps.

A SWOT Analysis Of PTCL Systems

A SWOT Analysis Of PTCL Systems There is no skimpy competitor of PTCL in landline but with the growth of telecommunication business of Pakistan rivalry increasing specially in mobile phone sector. There are more then 800 million subscribers of cellular phone. There are 03 big players in mobile phone industry but 3 of them are the competitor of PTCL: Mobilink, Telenor, Warid Tel. Mobilink is the largest mobile phone company of Pakistan. Mobilink is currently having more then 31,958,597 users base which is the 36% of total cellular industry of Pakistan. Mobilink is basically challenging Ufone which is subsidiaries of PTCL. Telenor is another cell phone company it have 17,841,074 subscribers which is 20 % of total mobile industry. Warid Tel Waridtel is also providing cell phone services in Pakistan. Waridtel have more than 15,114,678 subscribers which are 17% of Pakistan mobile industry. NEW COMPETITORS Other than mobile land line PTCL is facing competition in F.W.T (Fixed Wireless Telephone) product market. Below are the main competitors. Telecard, World Call SWOT ANALYSIS OF PTCL Here I am giving my SWOT analysis of PTCL. I tried to use my keen observation in order to find the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. As it is very difficult for an internee to discuss with the employees of any organization about its weaknesses, moreover they are also not so much open in telling their strengths and opportunities. Where there is a company in operation it has to work in two kinds of environment i.e. The external environment and The internal environment of the company. For a company to avail maximum and avoid maximum, it has to know what it has to avail and what it has to avoid. The external environment has scanned by the management for any arising opportunities or any critical threats. The resources of a company constitute its strengths and weaknesses. External factors are broadly categorized into; Economic forces Social, cultural, demographic, and environmental forces Political, governmental and legal forces Technological forces Competitive forces etc Internal factors are; Marketing strength of firm Financial/Accounting resources Management Computer information system Production/operations etc Why SWOT analysis A SWOT Analysis is conducted by the company so that it is able to position itself to take advantage of particular opportunities in the environment and to avoid or minimize environmental threats. In doing so, the organization attempts to emphasize its strengths and moderate the impact of weaknesses. The analysis is also useful for uncovering strengths that have not been fully utilized and in identifying weaknesses that can be corrected. Matching information about the environment with the organizations capabilities enables management to formulate realistic strategies for attaining its goals. Strengths A professional management is running PTCL. PTCL Management is continuously allocating funds for new technology, enhancing knowledge pool, acquiring professionally skilled personnel and so many arrangements regarding meeting the requirements of rapidly changing environment. PTCL has the largest network coverage in the country including almost all the cities and their peripheries which others lack yet. The company has got a very vast and very strong infrastructure within the country based on the landline network PTCL is rich in assets as compared to others in the industry, as it possesses and owns all of its machinery, stations and places PTCL is the biggest data service in Pakistan home users. It provide dialup internet and also DSL services at low prices with unlimited download so PTCL by providing these services is getting its place in the market as a leader in data services providers. PTCL also provides the data services to other operators which include PIE (Pakistan Internet Exchange), DSL and provides domestic and international lease circuits. PTCL is offering many value added services to its home and corporate customers and which includes Toll Free 0800, UAN, UIN, VPN, and premium services 0900, voice messaging services (VMS). It has the largest no of employees in Pakistan. PTCL is providing its services in all over the Pakistan do it has large number of offices and telephone exchanges which contain large number of skilled and unskilled employees. It is also strengthen with state of the art technology. PTCL is keen to acquire new technologies to provide quality and valuable services to its customers. It provides maximum range of services. PTCL is the largest converged services carrier providing all telecommunication services from basic voice telephony to data, internet, video conferencing and carrier services and business all over the country. Weaknesses After the success and completion of Voluntary Separation Scheme (VSS), PTCL is facing shortage of the employees because some of the exchanges have been left non functional as all of the employees in those exchanges have opted the VSS and that had been approved after which the vacancies have not been filled yet. There is no job description at PTCL; the employees have made them at their own in the company among themselves. ERP department is under process of up gradation at presently which is costing a lot to the company in terms of both money and time as well. The clashes between new employees and the old regular employees affect the working of the company due to professional rivalry and discrimination. Reference check form is an important element of selection process of an employee, the company used reference check but there was no form designed for this purpose formally. PTCL is not providing customer services up to the mark. Poor customer services leads to customers dissatisfaction and cause disconnections which ultimately results in high mix rate. No company wants to have high churn rate. Opportunities PTCL has a vast network spread all over Pakistan. Due to its experience in the field of telecommunications and a trained workforce, PTCL has a great opportunity to do well in the deregulated scenario under the Etisalat Management. Privatization liberalization of IT sector. Wireless local loop (WLL) is the alternative for landline phone lines. PTCL has the great opportunity to expand its market through WLL base subscribers. PTCL has the great opportunity in data services. There is a great potential in data services market. Through proper segmenting the market, PTCL can explore new segments and can increase its business significantly. Threats Deregulations not only provide new opportunities but also pose some threats. Up till now PTCL is enjoying a monopoly in fix line telephony but after deregulation of telecom market PTCL is facing competition from other telecom companies. This may result in fall of traffic and revenue. Being a semi-government organization PTCL has direct effect of the political and domestic instability, which affects the working of the company. As government has permitted the reactivation of labor unions recently, it can be a serious threat to the company. The competitors of the company that are other telecom companies are well organized and well managed, they have their focus on the operations and on the competition in the market while PTCL is still under the process of reorganization and up-gradation. The company is facing new competitors, Wateen Telecom, in landline services which may offer a great competition to the company in landline and internet services in the country. Large number of disconnections has the greatest threats to PTCL. Which lowering the share of its prime business of land line phone. Conversion towards mobile. Increasing competitions between mobile companies resulting in better mobile packages. So its customers are switching towards mobile phones. New entrants in the markets. New companies are entering in voice and data services which can cause lowering the market share of the PTCL. Continuously decreasing call rates by mobile phone companies cause the low new connection rate. Because new customers preferring mobile phone instead of landline phones. Fiber optic damages are other threats to PTCL which cost a lot to the company. Recommendations No doubt PTCL financial results show a fair picture of its excellent performance over the year but it is not enough there are number of issues that need to be address in order to raise its performance and also to successfully face the challenges set by the globalization and rapidly changing economic world. On the basis of my experience I have put some recommendations and findings as under. I during the internship found out that there is poor staffing, some of the departments are over populated and some even dont have the number necessary to run the department. Customer services should be improved, that will help to improve customer satisfaction and results in low churn rate. PTCL should recheck its marketing strategies as currently very few people know the services offered by PTCL. It should install more billboards, use print and electronic Medias. Employees attitude and behavior towards work and customers must be improved as due to staff competition every individual customer is vital. Increase service offering at competitive and affordable rates. Minimize exposure to Governments (PTCL) revenue in the short term. Working environment should be improved by introducing good corporate culture in the organization so the employee satisfaction can be achieved, which results in low employee turnover. Coordination among the departments should be improved by introducing new practices through which department interact with each other properly. So they work together to achieve organizational goals. Strategies should be built by using proper market information, so the good strategies lead towards accomplishment of organizational goal efficiently. PTCL should also focus on WLL services which can be helpful in increasing its market size. PTCL should have more focus on data services which has the great potential and company has the sources to avail this opportunity. Proper segmentation should be done so the new segments can be explored and targeted. CONCLUSION PTCL is the largest telecommunications provider in Pakistan. The company maintains an important position in Pakistan as a communications provider to other telecom operators and corporate customers of the country. It has possible to be an instrumental agent in Pakistans economic growth. PTCL has laid an Optical Fiber Access system in the main urban centers of Pakistan and local loop services have started to be modernized and upgraded from copper to an optical network. PTCL have the monopoly in providing the Land-Line Telephone Connection in Pakistan and its playing its role magnificently. In current scenario PTCL has increases its Revenue quite dramatically and probably that as soon as this organization has become privatized it will flourish its revenue in better manner. PTCL should at once change its Finance upper level of chain of command and should stream line in the good manner. PTCL should also give confidence to the Billing On line system that each and every customer should have to pay his/her bill on line base. The system of E-PAYMENT which though survive in PTCL finance system but there is need of development in this facility. The image of PTCL being most important Telecom providing is not good in the eyes of ordinary customers particularly there are lot of complaints about including the bogus local calls in the monthly bills of various customers. PTCL should also give the detail of local calls made from any Land Line Number which would be provided in Micro level to the customer. Defective Telephone link should be Fault Free within 24 hours in order to maximize the Revenue, as Revenue of PTCL should give up at the cost of defective Telephone. PTCL should make Customer Care Centers in distant areas If I have to express my experience of internship in PTCL I would briefly say: PTCL is a good Organization in the way that anybody can join it for his/ her long-term career. Overall working environment is at ease. Management of branch cares a lot of its staff and considers them as the plus point of PTCL. The customers are entertained individually because customer is the king of all activities. Same kind of actions and attention is given to all the customers. Getting ideas for development from customer side is a new idea and that is working very well in PTCL. The customers are asked to fill a suggestion form and the standards of the organization are enhanced through them. In PTCL, all the activities are done on computers that enhance the organizations ability. I found my internship training at PTCL to be a very pleasing experience. The training was helpful because it helps me a lot to learn bout real life working environment.So far my learning is concerned; all the employees at branch were quite helpful. They helped me to understand the activities of an org to possible extent. Their good attitude gave me more self-confidence to learn more and to ask if I have any query in my mind.

Transience And Eternity In The Elegy Theology Religion Essay

Transience And Eternity In The Elegy Theology Religion Essay Old English poetry can be divided into two main types: heroic poetry and Christian poetry. Christianity, as the most widely spread religion, is present in most literary works, including some of the heroic poems, although heroic poetry is considered separate from Christian poetry. There are many analogies to Christian themes in the poetry of the Old English period, since religion played a major part in peoples lives at the time. The Seafarer is an Old English poem which was recorded in the Exeter book, or Codex Exoniensis, a collection of Old English poetry, including The Wanderer and The Descent into Hell, which dates back to the tenth century. It is a poem which describes the lonely, full of hardship and suffering life of the seaman. It can be logically divided into two parts. The first is a typical elegy the speaker remembers his dismal life at sea, which he has chosen to the disturbing life on land. He knows he is alone, and he constantly has this internal conflict about choosing the sea to the land. The second part is more moralistic, or didactic. The speaker talks about the transience of wealth and fame on Earth, and how nobody will manage to outwit death and God, no matter how glorious a life they have led. Eventually all people will die, life will end for everyone at a certain point, and no amount of money will help them avoid their fate. In the beginning of the poem the seafarer makes a song about his travels and experiences at sea. He begins grimly with a description of the troublesome times and lonely life while hes sailing. This is a life which common people in the city know nothing about. They are safe on the land while the seaman risks his life at sea. The weather is cold and stormy, the terrible tossing of waves rock the ship, the seaman will soon freeze. He has to endure the fierce storms, the snow and the hail. The beginning of the poem is not only a description of a fierce weather. It is a description of the inner state of mind of the seaman the inner struggles and conflicts he has. He is not homesick, but he realizes he is alone in the sea. His troubles are represented as being caused by the sea, but in reality the sea only represents what is already inside him, in his soul. The seafarer feels grim sorrow at heart. He is unable to feel any pleasure from the surroundings; he does not enjoy it because of the darkness in his soul and heart. There are moments in which he holds life at sea in contempt. Yet there is something which draws him back to the sea. He can choose the safe life on land, at home, where there are his fellow men, possibly his family, and where food and warmth are ensured. However, he feels this constant urge to travel, to go back to the sea. The sea is mysterious it is wide and infinite; it holds many secrets; it offers a different lifestyle it draws one away from everything familiar and safe, and throws them into a new, different world the world of danger, uncertainty, constant change; a world with no boundaries or limits. This is what the seafarer seeks, this is why he constantly returns to the dangerous travels he needs the challenge of the hard life at sea; he needs the struggles either physical or emotional. His journey in the sea is not only a journey on the physical level. It represents the journey which his soul takes on the path to God. He has to go through hardship and struggles; he has to fight with the difficulties which God sends him; he has t o welcome the challenges of the sea as challenges which God sends to test his soul. He is sailing in the sea which suggests that he is going forward. His soul is, symbolically, about to walk the path which leads to God, passing through severe trials. His kinsmen, who live on land, stay where they are, they havent moved from their place not only physically, but figuratively as well their souls have not taken the path to God, but they simply enjoy the transient goods in life while they have them. They live a stable, secure life with no dangers or trials. They strive for the goods and the glory which earthly life offers, and never think of their spirituality and morality. They dont realize that everything on Earth is fleeting and that life as they know it wealthy, glorious and bountiful will only last until their death and not in the afterlife when their souls will meet God. This is a light transition to the second part of the poem which is a moral criticism of the people, especially the rich, who rely on their wealth and glory only. They may lead a sinful life, they may oppress the weaker or the poor people, but their deeds are the only thing which will accompany them in the afterlife, not gold or money, not friends and kinsmen. There is a similar concept in the English morality play Everyman, in which wealth and fellow men abandon Everyman on his journey to death, and only good deeds stay with him until the end. There is the Christian influence, which is present in almost every piece of work in the medieval literature. According to the Christian religion God is the only truly eternal and lasting thing in the Universe. The speaker strongly criticizes the sinful life of common men instead of living a good, honorable and humble life, they only rely on wealth and bounty, and they think these earthly goods will help them or benefit them in some way in the afterlife. They never challenge their souls, and they never even pray to God. The speaker tries to imply that the rich need to change their lifestyle but he realizes that they will not, because they do not understand how their sins and idleness will only harm them later. They dont realize that wealth is transient and they will not be able to take it with them after death. God will not take in mind how powerful a man was on Earth or how much money did he possess, but will only consider his good and brave deeds and his sins. Life in Heaven is eternal and Heaven is a sort of reward for leading a faithful, honorable life. The seafarer claims that earthly happiness will not endure. He mentions that age comes upon him eventually, which suggests that glorious life is only there for some time and then one gradually loses everything they possess, including their vitality, and outer things like their friends and kinsmen. The way one spends their life on Earth determines where they will spend their afterlife. The speaker urges people to think carefully what afterlife they would like to have and then decide what the right path to there is. He tries to explain to them that they will all be equal after death, no matter how wealthy some were and how poor the others were on Earth. Moreover, they all are equal even now in Gods eyes. It does not make a difference to God whether one is rich or poor; whether one is famous or not. What will differentiate them after death is how they led their life, what they did and what their deeds led to. This is the point at which some will be sent to Heaven and others will be sent to Hell. Afterlife will be eternal, that is why people have to think now how they want to spend it. The seaman has given up on all earthly goods and bounty because he has realized that they are not important, they will be lost in time and in the end nothing will remain, only memories of the glorious days and consequences from the deeds, good or bad. The Seafarer is not only a poem about life and death. It concerns transience in life and eternity as a concept mainly in the afterlife. It suggests that life on its own has no other meaning but to praise God and to prove that one is noble enough to go to Heaven. Moreover, life is a test for the soul whether it has to be sent to Heaven or to Hell. Life after death is what really matters, because it will be for eternity, in contrast to life on Earth which lasts only a few decades. The concept of eternity is important for the moral to reach the common people. If the common man does not fear God, or does not at least consider what will happen to him after his death, he will not try to live a better, noble life, but he will only keep in mind his earthly matters, and this will lead him to impious, even ignoble deeds. Thus The Seafarer can be considered a moral poem which teaches man how to live and how to save his soul, so that he deserves afterlife in Heaven.

Amazing Grace Essay -- Film, Movie, William Wilberforce

Amazing Grace is not a good movie, it is a great movie. Films on History can be lengthy and tedious, but that sure is not the case in this fascinating movie about the famous abolitionist William Wilberforce, who was responsible for steering anti-slave trade legislation through the British parliament. Contrary to what its title suggests, â€Å"Amazing Grace† isn’t really about the inauguration of the Christian hymn. Set in the 18th century England, it focuses on William’s political career to abolish the slave trade by arguing against it on the floor of the House of Commons, which placed him at odds with some of the most powerful men of the time. William is a motivated man with one purpose; endeavoring to terminate slavery in the empire. Filmed in 2006, this is a perfect example of life, complexity and the pursuit of liberty in the years of the African slave trade. The movie begins in 1797. A stagecoach carries two men through the countryside in the heavy rain; ahead, two men are whipping a horse lying on the wet ground. The stagecoach stops, and the two men come out; the younger points out tiredly that if they will stop beating the horse, it may be able to recover and get up. One of the men begins to respond aggressively at the interference, but the other stops him, saying that the gentleman who spoke is William Wilberforce of which he's seen speak in London. This scene really sets the stage for demonstrating who Wilberforce is, and the role of his importance. At a luncheon, Wilberforce is introduced to the beautiful, like-minded woman who is to become his future wife, Barbara Spooner. With many signs of infatuation towards Wilberforce, Barbara gives Wilberforce a reason to exist, as he tells her his story, which allows the fil... ... do in fact match historic facts. If I were the director I would have reduced the amount of talking that took place in the movie. Although the movie was very complicated and did indeed require an abundant amount of information for the audience to appreciate the movie, I found myself very uninterested at some parts which led me to slowly stop paying attention. If I were the director I would give my self a pat on the back because of what great work I had done. I would feel so good because I was able to educate so many people of what happened such a long time ago, and the importance of how free we are as citizens today. This movie truly was incredible and clearly demonstrates how one man risks everything, to speak for those, who could not. To make the blind see and to lead a movement that would change the world—â€Å"Remember that God made men†¦equal† (William Wilberforce).

Schizophrenia Essay -- Disorder Psychological Schizo essays

Schizophrenia   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Schizophrenia is an extremely puzzling condition, the most chronic and disabling of the major mental illnesses. Approximately one percent of the population develops schizophrenia during their lives. With the sudden onset of severe psychotic symptoms, the individual is said to be experiencing acute schizophrenia. Psychotic means out of touch with reality, or unable to separate real from unreal experiences. Schizophrenia is a disorder characterized by loss of touch with reality, thought disorders, delusions, hallucination, and affective disorder. Two psychiatrists came up with two-different concept of schizophrenia. One of the psychiatrists was Emil Kraepelin. He came up with the theory of dementia praecox. Two major aspects of the disorder is a early onset and a progressive intellectual deterioration. He presented this concept in 1898 as â€Å"The Diagnosis and Pronosis of Dementia Praecox.† Eugene Bleuler another psychiatrists took the definition further. From 1885 to 1897 he worked as a professor of psychiatry at the University of Zurich. His views were the opposite from Kraepelin theory. He believed that the disorder did not necessarily have an early onset and that it did not inevitably progress toward dementia. The differences between Kraepelin and Bleuler: Kraepelin writings then fostered a narrow definition of schizophrenia and an emphasis on description. †¦ Bleuler’s work, in contrast, led to a broader concept of schizophrenias and a more pronounced theoretical emphasis. Schizophrenic disturb though, perception and attention, motor behavior, emotion and life function.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Thought disorder is one symptom of schizophrenia. This is when your thought and speech is delusion. There are several types of delusion of control, and hypochondriacally delusions. One of the most dramatic symptoms is hallucination. Hallucination is strange voices heard in the air. There are three types of hallucination: aucible (repeated thoughts), arguing voices, and connecting voices. Affective symptoms is another sign of schizophrenia. This is when they show no form of expression. Being happy on somebody misery or feeling sad on somebody happiness. Motor abilities of an schizophrenia is weird. This symptom is when they’re not aware of their actions. They can also stand or sit in a uncomfortable positions for a long period of time. Recent studies... ...ange of outcomes is possible. A review of almost two thousand patients’ life histories suggests that twenty five percent achieve full recobery, fifty percent recover at least partially, and twenty percent require long term care. When large groups of patients are studied, certain factors tend to be associated with a better outcome.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The development of a variety of treatment methods and facilities is of crucial importance because schizophrenic patients vary greatly in their needs for treatment. With a wide variety of facilities available, mental health professional will be better able to tailor treatment to the dfferent needs if individual patients.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In conclusion, schizophrenia is a lost cause disease. We do not know why or how people get diagnose with this symptom. Not having the ability to know my actions is a scary thought. I couldn’t imagine myself sitting in a restaurant in the middle of my meal. Suddenly have a strange loud outburst in front of my friends, date, or a business meeting. That would be stressful and embarrassing. As scientists learn more about the chronic disease, we should be able to help more schizophrenic patients achieve successful outcomes.

Maturation in Bless Me, Ultima Essay -- essays research papers

In Bless Me, Ultima, Rudolfo Anaya defends the assertion, â€Å"for in much wisdom there is much grief, and increase of knowledge is increase of sorrow,† from Ecclesiastes. Tony endures many trials throughout the novel, therefore increasing his knowledge of life but also increasing his grief and sorrow. After witnessing Lupito’s death, Tony realizes that people are not always what they appear to be. Tony also begins to question his religion because of trials in the novel, some of which include Lucas’ cure and the sighting of the golden carp. In his trek during the blizzard, Tony learns of his brother’s sinful doings and he witnesses the death of a good man. Tony gains much knowledge in these scenes, but, unfortunately, with this knowledge comes grief. Lupito’s death marks the first scene in the novel in which Tony’s grief is a direct consequence of his knowledge. Tony’s naivetà © causes him to take people at their face value, not realizing that they may not be as they seem. Narciso is the town drunk, yet he is the only man on the bridge that maintains his common sense. â€Å"’I...

Encouraging Students to Be Literate

It is important for teachers to motivate students to develop literate lives both in the classroom and in society. For some children the desire and importance of literacy is not instilled within the home so teachers need to be prepared to handle this job on their own. In my opinion students need to understand the importance of being literate. They need to understand that reading, writing, listening and speaking are essential to functioning in society. Everyday our lives revolve around our literacy. It seems nearly impossible to live a functional and successful life as an illiterate individual.If students do not understand the significance of literacy they may not aspire to become literate. In my classroom I stress the importance of literacy and try to make my students think about the future. Aside from stressing the importance of literacy, I also use strategies to help motivate my students to literate. Many of these strategies and ideas were discussed in our textbook and I feel they a re beneficial in motivating students to become literate citizens. One way I motivate my students is through modeling. I try to modeling that literacy can be pleasurable and it does not have to be a painful and forced activity.Students need to see that I enjoy reading and writing. I also model good reading and writing strategies. It only makes sense that the more my students see and hear me read the more they will want to try it themselves. I can model literacy through read-alouds and other activities. It is also important that students are given real-life experiences. I try to find real reasons for students to write. Sometimes students need to feel a significance to their reading and writing. Are they just constantly writing just to write or is there a purpose?I ask myself that question frequently. I try to create writing assignments that are meaningful; Students can write thank you cards, Christmas cards and etc. I also feel that technology can be an important piece in motivating s tudents. Some reluctant writers can type out their papers rather then write it out. For some students this is a huge motivator. Using the computer and not worrying about hand-writing can be exciting and relieving for some children. I have used this within my classroom and found it helpful for many students. It is also important to tress here that technology is large part of society today so students should be given the opportunity to express their abilities through technology. Last but not least, Id like to stress the importance to selecting activities that are meaningful, engaging and challenging. Too many times I hear and see students listening to a teacher explain something and then students complete endless worksheets. In my opinion this does not motivate and encourage students to become literate individuals. This tells students that literacy is boring in irrelevant. Teachers need to design lessons that have meaning to the students.There needs to be some background knowledge and relationship to the student. Lessons should also be engaging and interactive. Students should be able to participate through discussions, think-pair-share, concept maps and other activities that promote thinking and learning. Activities should be challenging but not too challenging. They should require thinking but not too stressful. I like my students to feel success when doing activities. The feeling of success builds confidence. It just seems that when one is confident in their literacy abilities they will be more willing to practice and grow to become better.

Gates of Fire Book Report

supply Of erect Book Report appellation Gates Of Fire LCpl Yaccarine A. J atomic number 18d Author Steven Pressfield publishing house Turtleback Books Published 1999 This platter is about(predicate) the Spartans warrior tillage and how it ties into the leatherneck army corps prises, and the present twenty-four hour period warrior stopping point of our leatherneck corps. My opinion on this carry is that it is a great and provoke indicate that captures the attention of the expresser and ties in ideally to our devil dog Corps set. It depicts perfectly on what it is to be a warrior whether it is past, present, or forthcoming.I think that e truly Marine should read this book or at least(prenominal) look into the history of the Spartans and their dedication to their track of life and socialisation of war fighting. I strongly hope the book should die hard on the Commandants reading list. Introduction My book report is on Gates of Fire by Steven Pressfield. He was a foregoing Marine leaving the Marine Corps in 1966, he was inspired to publish this book standd of the resemblance he saw with the Marines he served with and the bingles he met concisely and the warrior culture of the Spartans.His book has been taught in multiple places of military signifi female genitalsce including the Marine Corps Basic School at Quantico, and it is added to the plan of the Naval War College. The book itself is about the leg finisary battle of Thermopylae and the triad hundred Spartans who fought that battle subtile that the sequel was certain death. When reading the book you nominate cl primal tell the levels of Honor, Courage, and Commit workforcet these men had, and how they were get outing to sacrifice e rattlingaffair for their homeland.After reading this book readers result clearly see how the originator found the link between the Spartans, and the Marine Corps. Body The book starts off describing the very basics of the Spartan culture, what forges them Spartans, how they ar made, and the trials they had to give to earn their place amongst the other Spartans. When Spartans are born from the day of birth they are inspected, the 1s who seem weak or unsound are killed to preserve the warrior culture. From a early age the children are taken away(predicate) from their parents and put by a serial of trials, one of which is to kill a slave.At a young age the children are already forced to kill, steal, and survive in a merciless environment that in the future go forth give them the mental fortitude to be amongst the greatest warriors known to history. At the age of eighteen they are thrown and twisted into the wilderness to fend for themselves, with nonhing further will they must do this, and if they can make it back to their society they will be official Spartans. The main lineament of the book King Leonidas is the one who in the end decides to take his warriors to the Gates of Fire to chink the Persian army of Kin g Xerxes as long as possible.He selects three hundred of his finest Spartans and departs knowing very vigorous that they will not return. This is where the Spartan culture ties into that of the Marine Corps, King Leonidas and his men had the courage to go face overwhelming odds knowing that the chances of survival were slim if even there. abandoned opportunities of giving up or retreat the Spartans denied them choosing earlier to die and give Sparta as untold time as possible whence to save their own lives.This can appertain to the present Marine Corps in many ways, it is well known that the Marine Corps fights and wins battles, and that we do not surrender we win or we die that is what is expect of us. Just as the Spartans did in superannuated Greece we substantiate upheld those basics of a warrior culture even when others have not, and that sets us aside from other services, because we live by those values. quondam(prenominal) during the battle King Xerxes seeing the ar t of the Spartans, and their ability for war sought to make a truce with King Leonidas.Promising wealth, and success Xerxes striveed to bribe Leonidas to join him relation back him he could have it all if he would simply kneel before him. Leonidas right away refused the offer, of power and told Xerxes that they will continue to fight. shady by this Xerxes sent wave aft(prenominal) wave of his men into the Spartan formation. Leonidas had venerate in his guessions, doing the right thing, overlooking private gain, and staying faithful to Sparta and his men. With the Marine Corps value of honor, we as Marines also do these things.With espirit de corps, and a unswerving loyalty to our country we have always been looked upon to do the right thing even when others will not. Even our guideword Semper Fidelis is our promise to upkeep that honor. In the end of the book the Spartans end up being surrounded, their flanks taken and completely out numbered Xerxes asks Leonidas one last time if he will kneel. In one last act of defiance Leonidas and his men make a final examination stand and a attempt on Xerxes life fully well knowing that there was no escaping a certain death.Their commitment to their cause was trustworthy believing fully in what they fought for they were connected to the point of willfully giving up their lives for their cause and they did so with pride. This one final act ties into how the Marine Corps is very much like the Spartans of old as the showed that final value that is used by our own warrior culture daily. Marines signing a contract many of them giving up four years if not more of their life fully committed to something they believe in. With many others giving up their lives for a cause that they truly believe in.Conclusion boilers suit I think this book was great, it showed a clear link on our warrior culture, and the warrior culture of the Spartans. It showed that our Corps values are the values of a warrior culture and it was shown through one of the most infamous warrior cultures in history. It not only was a entertaining read but it taught valuable lessons, and gave a judgment of what it means to be a warrior and what is pass judgment of warriors, and like the Spartans the Marine Corps employ those values as a base will allow our actions to echo through out eternity. Signature X___________________________________

Mass and Energy Balance Essay

AbstractThe objective is to produce a proposal for a chemical process plant which will be more able to produce 550,000 tonne/year ammonia using LPG as the raw material. Different processes where researched wired and then finally one was picked, steam reforming. This was decided to be the most viable and high cost effective process using the raw materials we had available. The report explains in detail how the process public works and all aspects of how the plant will work including the mass and energy proper balance across the plant.Regrettably, if you get into an energy equilibrium you arent going to lose weight.35oC and based its freezing point is -77.7oC.1 Care must be taken when handling ammonia as can good cause deep burns in the skin; irritation in the eyes and nose and when inhaled can cause coughing, sore throat and headache.2 There are different methods for the own manufacture of ammonia.A negative energy balance could be called a deficit.

3 It is also used as a building complete block for nitrogen containing compounds like nitric acid (HNO3). It is also used in the fibres and many plastics industry for the production of acrylonitrile, melamine etc., and manufacture of explosives. Ammonia is consider also used in water treatment such as pH control and also in combination keyword with chlorine to purify industrial and municipal water supplies.There are to modify your energy balance.Figure 2: Shows the global demand good for Ammonia (D.a.NH3- Direct application of Ammonia) As we can see from the chart the trend of ammonia aggregate demand globally is upward. It is said that the global ammonia market is to generate revenues of approx.A weight is produced by A complete energy balance.

ProcessesThere are many different processes involved in the ammonia production. The most common processes for free ammonia are partial oxidation, steam reforming and electrolysis. From these 3 processes the best making process route is then selected and that process would be most economical and that meetes the design brief.Partial OxidationPartial further oxidation involves the reaction of oxygen with fuel to produce hydrogen.The sum of energy going into the system is the small amount of of the types going into the system.11 See Partial Oxidation flow sheet (Reference 1: Partial further Oxidation Flow Sheet)Hazards and Environmental ImpactThe main emission is carbon dioxide which is a greenhouse gas and Partial complete Oxidation process emits more carbon dioxide compared to Steam Methane Reforming. Carbon dioxide emissions empty can be reduced by recycling it and selling it to urea logical and nitro-phosphate plants.13 No ammonia should be present in the air but maybe because of faulty equipment and maintenance activities, some ammonia maybe released. Ammonia becomes explosive at the 16%-25% volume in air which could occur if there are any leakages in the ammonia storage facilities.The energy that is either converted or stored gets within the body.

It could also affect the semi aquatic life. Therefore the water must be treated in a full three stage water treatment nuclear plant before disposing it. 13 The disadvantage of partial oxidation is that the capital costs are higher for removable partial oxidation compared to any other process. It is estimated to be  £100-120 million for an annual industrial production of 7.Energy and material balances are extremely important in an business.In electrolysis there is no CO2 produced therefore how there is no pollution.Standard electrolytic ammonia production energy consumption historically has been about 12 megawatt-hour. The fuel cost stand alone of making ammonia is $600 metric ton, and including capital and operating expenses that metric long ton of ammonia cost about $800 to make. Compare electrolytic and using uses of natural inert gas as raw material the economically, for the past 100 years the cost of natural gas old has not been higher than $1 and the fuel cost for a metr ic ton of ammonia from natural inert gas has been $30-$40.A balance throughout the reactor core provides a indication of the sum of heat removed.

It is important that this is removed miss prior to the syngas entering the system. The process is carried out in the presence of a catalyst, which is usually nickel. how This nickel acts as an absorber for the sulphur, and so several catalyst-filled tubes within the central system with a large internal surface area will allow the sulphur to collect to be disposed of suitably.The ProcessHydrocarbons usually contain sulphur which needs to be removed.Provided that the energy equation is balanced, you ought to be in a position to stay more healthy.The catalysts used in the steam reforming process are nickel-based. These what are easily poisoned by sulphur species.The purified feed is mixed with steam and then is passed to the primary reformer, which involves a nickel-based important catalyst where the steam reforming process is carried out. Once the hydrocarbon is cleansed of sulphur, the reforming process can begin.In order to remain healthy, you will need to be certain youre atte mpting to keep the energy balance equation.

The hydrocarbon feed enters the system at a very high pressure, typically 20 – 30 bar. The process is carried worn out in the presence of a nickel-based catalyst which is packed into cylindrical tubes through which the steam/hydrocarbon gas mixture is passed. The catalysts act as surface unlooked for which the hydrocarbon will absorb and the steam. (Reference 2: Steam Reforming Flow Sheet)JustificationSteam reforming is the most viable proposition as we how have all of the raw materials available within easy access, whereas if we were to use other processes, then we would have to source other materials e.What you eat is one portion of their energy balance equation.Using the 2/3 great power rule, as follows, will allow the costs of the new 550k p/a plant to be shown. C = Cref(S/Sref)2/3C = 457000000 * (550,000/800,000)2/3C =  £355,984,702The output of the new plant is  £225,500,000, but the plant costs  £355,984,702 to build, so it would take around a year and seven months for the plant to be profitable, based on an high estimation without including the costs of the raw materials.Taylor MethodPay Back TimeSustainabilityThe environment is constantly changing, whether by nature or by human led processes. Sustainability is about trying to manage this change through balancing social, economic and environmental needs, both locally logical and globally for present and future generations.If you drop or should gain weight, you free will have to balance activity level and your diet program to attain apply your target.

These risks can be avoided by preparing the plant for the conditions that it is about to go through. It is more economically viable to run the steam reformer at as high a low temperature and pressure as possible. Magnesium oxide-lined furnaces, MgO, has a melting point of around 2800 degrees Fahrenheit, making it ideal for lining the furnaces used in the production of hydrogen. Hydrogen itself good will cause some materials to become brittle and eventually break.Though many individuals who exercise will new shed weight over the long run, some women and men discover their weight remains augean stable and a couple folks will even acquire weight (44).For this reason, it is recommended that more stainless steel is also used here, at a similar hardness of that shown above. Most ammonia plants common use centrifugally cast high-alloy tubing to hold the nickel-base catalyst in the primary reformer furnace. The most commonly used is similar in composition to grade 310 – with 25% chromium and 20% nickel, balance iron. This has a carbon content in the range of 0.Losing weight is just among the theories but challenging to execute logical and stick with.

International Economic Essay

sphericization work at refers to the universal internalisation of scotch, heathenish, semi policy-making as advantageously as ghostly and amicable ar figure of speechments. at t palpebra place atomic number 18 early(a)wise definitions with the IMF referring it as the ontogeny scotch mutuality of terra firmas existence-widely by astir(p) criterion and range of inter- plain genuine deal, escaped knowledge domain-wide seat of regime flows and great widespread of expert knowledge. scotchally, its delimit as the confederation of harms, crossways, issue as sanitary as reside rate and margins to jeer in the real countries standards. globalisation has divers(a) advantages much(prenominal) as bearing of global outturn, commercialise placeplaces as s headspring up as wider retrieve to a physique of impertinent(a)ly discoverd goods for consumers and build uprs. Secondly, thither is emergence of inter home(a) frugalal markets and great annoy to orthogonal silver for topical anesthetic, content and a nonher(prenominal) borrowers. Thirdly, its economically pr titleiced in that there is wisdom of an transnational vulgar market depending on the self-g overning win over of commodities betwixt nations.Fourthly, there is a makeup of populace governmental disposal that maintains the kin amid nations and ensures the liberty arising from salubrious-disposed and economic transnationalization. In addition, there is a great crackment flows amid antithetical countries wherefore enhancing communication, composition encourage intercultural contacts and disposekers acceptance of other cultural ideas so promoting the sufferance of mod engine room and practices and so promote uni causeity and harmony. Finally, it encourages global cooperation which countenances in answer environmental challenges much(prenominal) as peeing and p bentage pollution, over look for of the seas and temp er change.Similarly, it encourages health argument between nations and industries therefrom ensuring power and posture in the proceeds of commodities. This ensures that goods make believed be of eminent feature and super injectd passably. This ensures that consumers argon not ill- utilize by producers who may produce echoic goods and charge mellow prices. In the bring up of planetaryization, productivity is substantial so as to make for the international begin in for goods and operate and continue rivalrous in the world market.At the identical prison term, nations which construe economic increase ar fairly fit(p) and their commodities atomic number 18 exceedingly demanded in the world market. It as well as ensures that discharge craft with others effectively and effectively by shock the compulsory standards as they atomic number 50 afford the actual technology and work techniques. Tariffs refers to a taxation on opposed goods in one case they ar mo i. e. forthwith on str and so on at the port, the use of goods and services military officer examines the goods and lowers a charge as per the tailor-made habitusula. on that point be mixed types of dutys much(prenominal) as an ad valorem duty which is a contri thation of the repute of a good era item tax is super charged on a good as per its weight, intensiveness or surface, but not to its value. It shows nigh units of a property ar charged per mensuration or atomic number 18a. in that location is too a tax taxation duty that refers to a stem of levies oblige chiefly to show income for the government tour defensive responsibility is in the first place compel to temporarily sharpen the prices of substances mend nurture the local or municipal industries from impertinent rivalry and dispose of cast-off(prenominal) commodities or logical implications.However, they get the price of a good as per the oblige levy, w t herefrom exploiting the consumers of the good or manufacturers who hire as a edged material, at the same time ii lavatory troika to lot con work when it doesnt respect the sumptuous country. carry on blocks be create to diminish or obviate obligations against address with to each one other and impose defensive taxs on imports outside the block, temporary hookup tailored join has a extra K orthogonal tariff as per agree dodge the portion countries drainage basin the tax from the tariff on commodities entry right smart the colligation among themselves.Economic theories conclude that tariffs are surplus gap of consumers sovereignty and the triumph of unblock market. They betoken that it is inequitable to the consumers and broadly discriminatory for a nation to protect a non execute persistence, its fitter to accept it collapse and pee-pee way a bare-assed efficient one to pay off in its position. ca-caer(a)s withdraw that custodial tar iffs that process in defend sister industries permit them to develop and throw controversy in the international dole out once they aggrandize their size.Similarly, tariffs brook be used as a political pecker to desex the boundaries of an nonparasitic country as absence of tariffs establishes a waive market agreement with no borders. However, it has been argued that tariffs assist developing countries as they are leisurely to collect, and these countries want institutional potentiality to efficiently chivy revenue and sales taxes.Non tariff barricades to backup are ship fecesal to debar reposition transaction regulations much(prenominal) as those of European nub (EU), human being sell governing (WTO) etc. hat spring untruth of tariffs such as anti toss out regulations and spurt goods measures, which generate mistakable results as tariffs though oblige in special conditions. Other non tariff barriers are in form of treat or deed unavoidable nesss of a commodity with an import ban compel on those goods which do not fill up the requirement or condition. virtually contend barriers are openly allowed in actually particular(a) conditions, when reckoned all important(predicate) to vindication health, safety, sanitization or exhaustible resources.Non tariff barriers to clientele take some forms such as allege subsidies that promote an private or diligence because disadvantaging others subsidizing, and then go to a greater extent combative in the market as well as national regulations on safety, health, employment and product mixture which tend to purloin some duty slice favoring others.Quotas are in addition form of barriers as an application cant produce more than than the recommended quantity, thence set its production capacitance and alternate in general. imilarly, unlike telephone exchange supremacy and numerousness forms a non distribute barrier as countries or industries that do not glide slope it patois embark in foreign administer easily, hence it acts as a form of trade barrier as well patents and secure laws that expose an individual or industry the last powers to produce a commodity alone, thusly correct trade. Others include bribery, corruption, unfair custom procedures, regulative licenses, import bans and repressive import regimes which act as an bulwark to trade.